Laxatives And Bowel Movements: Holding It In? (2024)

Laxatives are a common solution to constipation, but they can also be dangerous if misused. While they can be purchased over the counter, it is important to follow the instructions on the medication to avoid side effects such as bloating, gas, stomach cramps, and dehydration. It is also important to consult a doctor if constipation persists or occurs frequently, as it can be a symptom of an underlying issue. Holding in your poop after taking a laxative can be dangerous, as it can lead to an overdose on laxatives and cause severe and potentially dangerous symptoms.

Laxatives are not a long-term solution

Laxatives are a common, over-the-counter solution to treat constipation. They work by softening stools or stimulating the bowels to get moving. However, they are not a long-term solution and should only be used occasionally or for short-term constipation relief.

Taking laxatives for extended periods can lead to several side effects and health complications. For example, stimulant laxatives, if taken too frequently, can cause dependence on them for bowel movements. Bulk-forming laxatives, osmotics, and stimulants can also cause dehydration, so it is important to drink plenty of fluids when taking them. Overuse of laxatives can lead to an electrolyte imbalance, chronic constipation, and intestinal blockage, which may require medical attention.

Additionally, laxatives do not address the underlying cause of constipation. Usually, constipation can be easily remedied through lifestyle changes such as increasing fiber and fluid intake, taking probiotics, and exercising more. If constipation persists despite these changes, it may be a symptom of a chronic condition such as Crohn's disease or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In such cases, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

While laxatives can provide short-term relief, they should not be relied upon as a long-term solution. It is important to address the root cause of constipation through lifestyle changes or, if necessary, seek medical advice for a more comprehensive treatment plan.

Laxative side effects

Laxatives are a type of medicine that can treat constipation. They are often used if lifestyle changes, such as increasing fibre intake, drinking more fluids, and exercising, have not helped. While laxatives can be purchased over the counter, they should be used with caution as they can cause several side effects.

Firstly, laxatives can cause dehydration, which can make you feel lightheaded, weak, and result in darker-coloured urine. This is because some types of laxatives draw water from the body to soften stools, so it is important to drink plenty of fluids when taking them.

Secondly, overuse or prolonged use of laxatives can lead to diarrhoea, intestinal obstruction, and an imbalance of salts and minerals in the body. This can, in turn, cause an electrolyte imbalance, which can be dangerous.

Thirdly, taking stimulant laxatives for longer than directed can lead to a loss of muscle tone in the colon, which can worsen constipation. This is because the colon may become dependent on the laxative to function, and may lose its ability to contract and help with bowel movements.

Additionally, laxatives can interact with other medications, including heart medications, antibiotics, and bone medications. They may also mask underlying conditions that are causing constipation, such as diverticulosis, and can worsen constipation in the long term by decreasing the colon's ability to contract.

Finally, some ingredients in laxatives may be passed through breast milk, which could cause diarrhoea or other problems for breastfeeding infants.

It is important to note that bulk-forming laxatives, which are considered the gentlest type, are generally safe to take daily and are less likely to cause side effects. However, even mild side effects should be monitored, and if they persist or become troublesome, it is recommended to seek medical advice.

Laxatives and pregnancy

Laxatives are medicines that treat constipation by softening stools or stimulating the bowels to get moving so you can pass them. While most laxatives are available without a prescription, it is important to check with your healthcare provider before taking laxatives if you are pregnant.

Types of Laxatives

There are several types of laxatives, including:

• Bulk-forming laxatives: These add fibre to the digestive process and help the intestines absorb water, making larger, softer stools that are easier to pass. Examples include calcium polycarbophil (FiberCon) and psyllium (Metamucil).
• Stool softeners: These moisten the stool, making it easier to pass. An example of a stool softener is docusate (Colace).
• Osmotic laxatives: These pull water from other body parts and send it to the colon, softening the stool. Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) is an example of an osmotic laxative.
• Lubricant laxatives: These coat the colon, making it slick and preventing the absorption of water from the stool. Mineral oil is a lubricant laxative.
• Stimulant laxatives: These activate the nerves that control the muscles in the colon, forcing it to move the stool along. Examples include bisacodyl (Dulcolax) and senna (Senokot, Ex-Lax).

Pregnancy predisposes women to developing constipation due to physiological and anatomical changes in the gastrointestinal tract. Hormones released during pregnancy, such as increased progesterone levels and reduced motilin hormone levels, lead to longer bowel transit times. Additionally, there is increased water absorption from the intestines, which causes the stool to dry out.

While increasing dietary fibre and fluid intake, as well as daily exercise, are recommended as the first-line therapy for constipation during pregnancy, these methods are sometimes ineffective. In such cases, laxatives can be considered as a second-line treatment option.

Bulk-forming laxatives are considered the first-choice treatment for constipation during pregnancy. They are not well absorbed by the body and are generally safe to take throughout pregnancy. However, they may cause side effects such as gas, bloating, and cramping. Osmotic laxatives are considered second-choice treatment options. Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) is recognised as safe during pregnancy by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

It is important to note that, while most laxatives are not absorbed systemically, and short-term use is not expected to increase the risk of congenital anomalies, osmotic and stimulant laxatives should only be used in the short term or occasionally to avoid dehydration or electrolyte imbalances in pregnant women.

Precautions

It is always recommended to talk to your healthcare provider before taking any new medications during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, as many medications can cause harm to an unborn baby during this crucial time of development.

Laxatives for children

Laxatives are medications that can help treat constipation in children. They are usually used when lifestyle changes, such as adding more water and fibre to the diet, are not enough. Constipation is common in children, but it can be worrying for parents. It is the reason for up to 5% of office visits and a quarter of visits to a specialist.

Types of laxatives

There are several different types of over-the-counter laxatives that can be used for children. Polyethylene glycol 3350 (Miralax) is the first-choice treatment for constipation in children. It is considered a first-choice laxative because it is tasteless and well-tolerated by children. It usually takes about one to two days to see results and can be used in children older than six months.

Lactulose is another type of laxative. Although it is less effective than Miralax, it can be used as an alternative treatment if Miralax is unavailable. Lactulose is safe for all ages, even for infants younger than six months.

Bulk-forming laxatives

Bulk-forming laxatives are fibre supplements that work by increasing the amount of water absorbed in the stool. This helps children have larger and softer stools that are easier to pass. These products are safe to use daily, and it can take up to several days to provide relief. Examples of bulk-forming laxatives include psyllium (Metamucil) and calcium polycarbophil (Fibercon).

Stool softeners

Stool softeners increase the amount of water and fat in the stool, making it softer and easier to pass. These laxatives can take 12 to 72 hours to have an effect. Stool softeners like docusate (Colace) are not meant for daily, long-term use.

Stimulant laxatives

Stimulant laxatives work to increase the movement of the intestines, which helps children poop. These medications are generally well tolerated and usually take effect within six to eight hours. Stimulant laxatives include medications like bisacodyl (Dulcolax).

Lubricants

Lubricants help poop slide out more easily. Lubricants can be given to children by mouth or placed in the rectum. It may take about one to two days to see the effect. The most commonly used lubricant is mineral oil, typically used in children over three years old.

Rectal therapies

Rectal therapies include suppositories and enemas, which are placed in the rectum and tend to produce results within minutes. They work well to remove stool but are not meant for regular or long-term use.

Side effects

In general, laxatives are safe to use in children. However, there can be side effects, including worsening constipation when not taken with enough water (bulk-forming laxatives), diarrhoea (osmotic laxatives), and rectal discomfort (enemas or suppositories).

There have been concerns about potential behavioural changes in children who use osmotic laxatives like Miralax. However, the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition reports that there is no evidence to support these claims. Experts still recommend their use in children, although research is ongoing.

Natural alternatives to laxatives

Holding in your poop after taking a laxative is not recommended. Laxatives are meant to be taken to relieve constipation, and holding in your poop can worsen constipation and lead to other health issues. Instead of holding it in, it is better to listen to your body and go when you feel the urge.

Now, let's discuss some natural alternatives to laxatives:

Increase your fluid intake:

Drinking enough water is essential for preventing dehydration, which is a common cause of constipation. Aim to stay properly hydrated throughout the day. Carbonated water may be even more effective than still water at relieving constipation. However, avoid sugary carbonated drinks as they can have harmful health effects.

Eat more fiber:

Increasing your dietary fiber intake can help treat constipation by adding bulk and improving the consistency of bowel movements, making them easier to pass. Aim for 25 grams of fiber per day for females and 38 grams for males. Include insoluble fibers from wheat bran, vegetables, and whole grains, as well as soluble fibers from oat bran, barley, nuts, seeds, beans, lentils, fruits, and vegetables.

Exercise:

A sedentary lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of constipation. Incorporating regular exercise, such as walking, swimming, or cycling, can help stimulate bowel movements and improve constipation symptoms.

Drink coffee:

Coffee stimulates the muscles in the digestive system and can increase the urge to have a bowel movement. It may also contain small amounts of soluble fiber that contribute to a healthy gut. However, people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) should be cautious as caffeine may worsen their symptoms.

Probiotics:

Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria that occur naturally in the gut. Consuming probiotic-rich foods or taking supplements can help improve the balance of gut bacteria and prevent constipation. Probiotic foods include yogurt, kefir, and other fermented foods.

Senna:

Senna is a popular herbal laxative that is generally safe for adults to use for short periods. It stimulates the nerves in the gut and speeds up bowel movements. However, it is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women or those with certain health conditions.

Magnesium citrate:

Magnesium citrate is a natural osmotic laxative that can be purchased over the counter or online. It increases the water content in the intestinal tract, stimulating bowel movements. It is generally well-absorbed and effective in treating constipation.

Prunes:

Prunes and prune juice are a well-known natural remedy for constipation. They contain fiber and sorbitol, a sugar alcohol that acts as a laxative. They are effective in relieving constipation and improving bowel function.

Chia seeds:

Chia seeds are an excellent source of both soluble and insoluble fiber. When combined with liquid, they form a gel-like texture, making it easier for stool to move through the bowels. They are a simple and effective way to increase your fiber intake and promote regularity.

Flaxseeds:

Flaxseeds are another great source of soluble and insoluble fiber. They also contain mucilage, a gummy compound that coats the digestive system and facilitates smoother bowel movements. Additionally, the high magnesium content in flaxseeds can stimulate the urge to go.

Remember, it is always a good idea to consult with your healthcare provider before starting any new supplement or making significant dietary changes, especially if you have a medical condition or are taking medication.

Frequently asked questions